The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism Essay Example

The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism Essay Now a yearss many states are sing Tourism selling is one of the critical and of import factor to heighten the market in the touristry sector by carrying big figure of visitants or people both at international and domestically that will assist to develop the state s wealth and economic system. The state s wealth such as imposts, heritage, topographic points and traditions are the cardinal of import factors in make up ones minding the function of touristry selling of a finish. The touristry selling for a peculiar finish needs some of import communicating tools such as personal merchandising, advertisement, public dealingss and direct selling these are of import tools helps for developing and spread outing its attractive force in touristry market. India known for its heritage and cultural diverseness and it s been a batch of topographic points to see and research, which provides many facets for the development of touristry selling in India. India is a sub-continent and being a secular province got major pilgrim s tourers of assorted spiritual hence this pilgrim touristry is really celebrated universally and large attractive force for visitants to see the finish. India is besides celebrated for TajMahal which is listed in the Seven Wonders of the World. . India has got many national heritage sites which are worldwide celebrated for tourer attractive forces. If the touristry selling in India is improved and developed it will decidedly play a major factor for hiking up of India s economic system and its finish in the field of touristry. We will write a custom essay sample on The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Vital And Important Factor To Enhance The Market In The Tourism Sector Tourism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To do touristry marketing a success in the present universe there are assorted methods followed. The outer environment of a finish can be defined as Micro and Macro environments. India which comes under Macro environment has major forces like legal, technological, economic, cultural and societal on which the major concentration is showed. Developing touristry selling, communicating tools play the most of import function which includes one-to-one merchandising, advertisement, the gross revenues publicity public dealingss and direct selling through different channels. Introduction Author Gunnell, 1997 mentioned that India is the state with the universe s 2nd largest population and it stands in the 7th place geographically world-wide. India is besides good known as the largest democratic state in the worldwide. It is home land for the different faiths bing today, that s why it is besides good known as the largest secular state in the universe. Due to the being of the assorted civilizations, traditions, faiths, imposts and beliefs it made the state rich culturally worldwide. Unity in diverseness is the cardinal rule followed by the people in India. Today s economic system in India: India has got one of the stable and prima economic systems in the universe ; during the recission period besides it did good. India has become fatherland for the many international IT companies set uping their caput quarters in India. There are more than five Indian beginning companies listed on the universe s luck 500 companies list. Among these five companies 2 of them are besides listed on the NASDAQ. It has got some of the taking companies in the concern sectors like pharmaceutical, steel, vesture and IT are some of the cardinal assets to this state ( shrivastava, 2009 ) . Tourism plays a major function in Indian economic system ; spiritual topographic points and pilgrims journeies are more concentrated by the domestic tourers. Major stairss have taken by the Indian authorities, Indian air hoses and Indian travel bureaus in order to increase the flow of domestic and international touristry in India. Due the development of installations like transit, adjustment, substructure tourers find it really easy to make the finish and to transpose. The flow of international touristry is high to India due its cultural profusion. Taj Mahal considered as one of the Seven Wonders of the existence due to its popularity it has become the most popular finish in India and bulk of the tourers are attracted to it. Golden trigon is a really good known bundle in India. For the twelvemonth 2008 Incredible India commercial has won the Grand Prix award ( Westfall, Boyd: Vlo.25 ) . Direct selling, public dealingss, forces selling and advertisement are some of the selling communicating tools that aid s in touristry selling. In today s universe electronic media has become the most efficient medium to pass on with the people, so more portion of the advertisement financess are invested in the electronic media advertisement in order to make the more figure of people expeditiously, to increase the flow of the tourers. Increadibleindia.com is the official Indian touristry web site which provides complete information about the Indian touristry. Indian postal service has got really good repute and it has got a really good history. It besides helps in advancing tourer finishs in India as it is publishing images of touristry finishs on its postal casts and conveying consciousness about the finish among the populace. The hereafter of the Indian touristry looks bright with new policies and schemes followed by the authorities of India. It has following new schemes and utiliz ing latest engineering in order to pull the tourers to see assorted finishs in India by international and domestic tourers. Background Information: Cultural variegation, different types of faiths, linguistic communications, dramatis personaes, sub dramatis personaes and rich heritage are portion of the Indian history. If we take a acute expression at the Indian history, we can happen the earliest hints of the being of human life in some parts of the Madhya Pradesh through pictures at the Bhimbhatka stone shelters. In western parts of India, being of the Indus vale civilisation was found, it was a 9000 twelvemonth s old civilisation. It was recorded that India was ruled by many emperors for several old ages. Due its cultural diverseness, India has faced many challenges and jobs with its different dramatis personae systems, being of different faiths in one topographic point and it besides confronting jobs with terrorist act, naxalism etc. particularly in northern parts of India like Jammu and Kashmir. From the above treatments now we know that India is place land for different faiths. There are four major faiths in India ; they ar e Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam and Christianity. Majority of the population in India follow Hinduism followed by Islam, Sikhism and Christianity. Buddhism and Jainism are other two faiths that are originated in India ( Metcafe, 2006 ) . India is place land for the broad scope of civilizations. We can see in present yearss Indian civilization is distributing everyplace in Asia. Traditional and cultural Indian households values are highly respected all over the universe. Arranged matrimonies and joint households are some of the norms followed by the Indians. Culture of India is really good represented in its architecture. For illustration, Taj Mahal which was built by the male monarch named Shah Jahan as a particular memorial gift to his married woman Mumtaz. Culture of India is clearly reflected in its traditional music and dances ; it besides reveals the importance of music and dances in its civilization. In the twelvemonth 2008 there was a 5.37 million international tourers flow in to the state. Due to this the states one-year growing was increased by 5.6 % . Tourists from some of the states like United Kingdom, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Japan, Germany, France, United States of America ( 15.43 ) and Australia signifier s and 64.34 % of the entire international tourers visited India. Domestic touristry is besides plays a major function in states one-year growing, for India the domestic touristry histories for an one-year growing of 6.9 % with 562.92 million people going. India ranks 23rd place in receivers and 41st place in the international tourer reachings ( Vilanetam, toilet: 2005 ) . Macro and Micro environment of India: Micro Environment: Forces near due to the finish that can impact its ability to function its clients: client markets, organisation itself, marketing channel houses and wide scope of stakeholders and public. ( Hudson, 2008:23 ) . Market is closely related with the micro environmental factors. The factors are public, providers, clients, rivals and selling mediators. There are different types of visitants ; they are authorities endeavors, providers, and family. They besides can act upon the touristry selling. In order to keep the touristry demand it is really of import to do attempts to hold assorted types of providers. By establishing the promotional strategies in touristry industry rivals can strongly impact the market. Tourism selling can be affected by the attitude of the local people towards the tourers. Macro Environment: Macro environment comprises of all agents and forces holding distance relationship with the selling. So the factors of macro environment are ( McCabe, 2009 and Drummond and Ensor, 2005 ) . Social environment Economic environment Legal environment Technological environment Political environment Social environment: There will be assorted factors impacting the tourers as India is a multi-socio-cultural finish. The societal factors include imposts, traditions, household, population, faith, income instruction and life criterions. For illustration: Millions of tourers are attracted from all over the universe in order to go to the spiritual event Kumbh mela ( Keegan, Green: 2008 ) . Economic environment: Due to the particular significance in the Economic environment it has been divided in to three parts ( Singla: 2006-07 ) . They are. Economic system: This system chiefly concentrates on the apprehension of the full economic environment, which comprises of three sorts ; they are socialistic economic system, capitalistic economic system and assorted economic system. For assorted economic system India is considered as one of the best illustration. In India finishs are controlled by both Private and authorities organisations. For illustration: depending up on the fiscal position of the single tourers they can choose the private or authorities travel bureaus. By and large authorities travel bureaus are cheaper when compared to the private travel bureaus. Economic policies: The economic policies are introduced in order to direct the economic activities. Employment revenue enhancement, Export /Import policies, public money, agribusiness industry are some of the activities that are Included in the economic policies. All these policies have different types of influences on the finish selling. For illustration: International travelers are charged higher than the normal charge for the domestic traveler to see an heritage site. Economic status: Economic conditions are the conditions recited with the capablenesss of the economic development at the tourer finish, for illustration: natural resources, foreign capital, national income, foreign trade and industrial development. Legal environment: In order to modulate the environment many legal Acts of the Apostless were passed in India. Indian authorities has passed many Acts of the Apostless like gross revenues of goods act, trade grade act, Indian partnership act etc. Incredible growing has been seen in the foreign exchange country, by the remotion of revenue enhancement on the foreign direct investing. For the visitants from the Afghanistan and Pakistan have particular ordinances where as the visitants from Burma and Maldives get entry base on ballss to the state really easy. Technological environment: In India twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours the roar of engineering is turning. IncredibleIndia.com has gone on societal networking sites I order to promote its visitants online. Due to the high use of telecastings in India, it showed the grater affect on the wireless and film Industry in India. Due to technological development like Internet, telecastings etc. the tourers are able to cognize about the finishs before they visit them personally. Booking tickets and doing reserves have become quite easy for the tourers due to the technological development ( Cooper. Wanhill: 2008 ) . Political environment: India is a land with many political parties bing in it. Each political party is different from each other and has different types of attitudes towards the touristry industry. But when it comes to the states respect all will be united for illustration: The cause that the Taj Mahal has to be included in Seven Wonders of the World has been supported by all political parties in India and appealed everyone to vote for Taj Mahal in order to put its name in Seven Wonders of the World ( Hudson, 2008 ) . Marketing communicating tools: A critical map of marketing communicating is besides the possibility to respond, as opposed to an act or usage of information transmitted outside the direct control of the organisation. ( McCabe, 2009:8 ) . Integrated selling communications: The integrating of all selling communicating tools, every bit good as trade name and corporate messages so they send a persuasive and consistent message to aim audience. ( Hudson, 2008:258 ) . Assorted activities are required in order to construct a selling plan. These activities are differentiated in to four types ; they are Promotion, Product, Place and Price. These are known as 4ps of marketing mix. Promotion is involved in the activities like personal merchandising, advertisement, direct selling, public dealingss, and gross revenues publicity. Merchandises are engaged in the activities same to the ingestion of the existent merchandise i.e. determinations about finish design, quality and other assorted services. Topographic point is good known as distribution. Selling coverage, distribution channels, stock list, locations and transits are the portion of distribution. Particular touristry bundles, price reductions on touristry merchandises like travel tickets are some of the countries where the monetary value will be covering ( Shah, souza: 2009 ) . Marketing communicating tools are: Ad Personal merchandising Public dealingss Gross saless publicity Direct selling Channels consist of scope of media such as: Internet Television Newspaper and magazines Postal and telecommunications Radio Ad: it brings attending towards the present market sing the information of the administration, its services and merchandises and this is the most powerful and of import tool for any finish and it is specific signifier of marketing communicating . ( McCabe 2009:2008 ) . The advertisement has set up some aims are to carry, inform, remind and heighten the selling schemes. In advertisement there are assorted types of schemes to develop any selling conditions they are: ( Shah, Dsouza, 2009 ) . Appendix 1 clearly shows the different advertisement schemes Personal merchandising: Personal gross revenues are a verbal communicating with the possible client to increase the merchandises sale. The demonstrating of any merchandises and its word pictures were Presented by a individual with a position to sale affects the consumer purchasing behavior. Personal sale goes from individual to individual communicating via personal media like over the phone, face to face, picture conferencing and online confab. Especially personal merchandising is non an of import tool for marketing touristry but it gives the enthusiasm towards visitants through reactions of personal gross revenues individuals about any finish ( Keegan, Green, 2008 ) . national advertisement, Public service advertisement, , Retail advertisement, Corporate advertisement, Brand edifice advertisement, Business to concern advertisement ( B2B ) , Tactical advertisement, Selective demand advertisement, Advocacy advertisement and Primary demand advertisement are different signifiers of advertisement. Tourism of any finish is developed chiefly by advertisement. Ad on electronic media particularly telecasting is chief beginning to catch the attending of visitants to any peculiar finish. India has 28 provinces with different civilization and heritage therefore each province has its ain run and advertisement within their boundaries and all over the state through advertisement on telecasting to promote their touristry development in their province. Radio is little than telecasting but it is one of the powerful and of import tool in advertisement to make the larger visitants in the whole state. Newspaper is the cheapest and easiest manner to reassign the informations to pull more visitants to cognize about the touristry in a peculiar finish. Public dealingss: The function of public dealingss are plays a critical function in marketing mix of any finish. The activities of public dealingss follows piecing people or tourers, programs, policies etc. to develop any finish the public dealingss are indispensable to keep relationships in authorities, media, clients, stockholders and employers and administrations etc. and other constituents of the public dealingss are fund-raising, engagement in society, event sponsoring. Since 10 old ages India has built up an built-in portion of marketing mix with the aid of public relationships which gives liberalization to Indian economic system and encouragement to the touristry sector in India. The betterments in India were made to understand and pull offing the media and non-media and educate clients on the usage of public dealingss expeditiously. ( Mantri, 2009 ) . Gross saless publicity: gross revenues publicity is quickly increasing in India. And it is one of the of import factors in the communicating selling mix to develop touristry. Gross saless publicity is the group of tools which enhance the gross revenues of a merchandise through price reduction offers, discounts, monetary value decreases, gift vouchers, some buying stuffs and samples. For illustration: to pull the maximal figure of people, both private bureaus and authorities have their ain and fast gaits schemes in gross revenues publicities such as particular offers, budget and advanced circuit bundles which is like coachs and railroads are supplying price reduction menus to pull the visitants during vacation and summer season. Direct selling: There are no mediators are engaged in between visitant and finish and this procedure is known as direct selling. There are many ways to make the direct selling are: teleselling, telecasting, wireless, cyberspace, facsimile, beeper, postal service and electronic mail. For illustration: cyberspace is the best illustration for direct selling. VSNL is the Indian authorities cyberspace supplier to air the whole state and even some of the private companies supplying cyberspace such as TATA, Reliance, Airtel and Idea etc. are the prima cyberspace suppliers. Email and mentality are the most common factor of advertisement largely find in concern cards, web sites, and mass media advertizements. Harmonizing to the Ashwin ( 1999 ) stated that telecasting is the most powerful tool in India and covers about 80 % of advertizements by offering many channels in Indian continent. India is the 2nd prima state in the gross revenues of day-to-day newspapers. India is providing daily 320 different types of newspapers throughout the state. The Hindu, Indian express and Times of India are the chief prima newspapers in India. The newspapers provide the information of authorities and its current issues straight to tourers and readers. ( Keegan, Green, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Shah, DSouza ( 2009 ) the selling communicating tools have both pros and cons are: Ad: telecasting is the chief beginning of advertisement for any finish to develop touristry sector. Through advertizements in telecasting the peculiar finishs are shown in a positive manner and could nt supply the complete and necessary inside informations to tourers. Personal merchandising: personal merchandising can be achieved by explicating a tourer to his experience to other group of people to make enthusiasm or ardor towards them to see the peculiar finish. As we discussed earlier India is celebrated for pilgrim touristry with its alone building of temple and some other heritage sites, this makes peoples to see the topographic points when it is communicated by the already been visitant. India is the glances of heritage and civilization many international tourers are sing India to see beautiful and alone architecture. Personal merchandising is different and it does non demo much impact on touristry because each visitant has its ain gustatory sensation and ain ocular and sometimes the visitant does nt experience the same impact of what other have already felt. ( Aditya, 2009 ) Direct selling: engineering and postal services are the anchor to the direct selling. And this is one on one ( 2 manner ) communicating through direct selling merely a limited group of people are benefited and this could nt manage or pull bulk tourers. Public dealingss: public dealingss are chiefly targeted to many tourers through good will and comparatively inexpensive services to offer in a finish. The public dealingss are more powerful through cyberspace which is really synergistic, relatively low cost, direct media, and sharing information up to day of the month is ever available.the public dealingss has some restrictions such as extremely expensive, low proctor publications, complications in measurings and do non hold a direct impact on the touristry sector of a finish. Gross saless publicity: local tourers are most good through gross revenues and advancing and maintaining off the international tourers to pull the tourer finish. First in India there is no proper selling for gross revenues and publicities of a finish to make the international broad. At least the local tourers were being benefited and have a good trade to see the topographic points. Future development Harmonizing to Raina, Agarwal ( 2004 ) stated that the hereafter development and selling communicating scheme in India are: Since 2 old ages Indian touristry is developing and reached highest degree of market with the made of latest esthesis Incredible India . Through the being of Incredible India has maximised the touristry market in the universe broad context. There are more domestic and international tourers were attracted of its new scope hence it will imply the one-year growing of touristry in India. Indian touristry ministry is concentrating to develop the touristry in many ways. The antediluvian sites in Jaipur and Raipur are being altering into get oning topographic points and hotels where tourers both domestic and international felt the esthesis with Indian architecture as a portion of tourer activities. Many rural countries are existed in India with a charming potency of touristry. Ministry of India started constructing up airdromes and star hotels in the rural countries and doing those countries as tourer finishs. Number of international and local flights frequence are increased and ministry of Indian touristry is being giving highest precedence to safety and wellness of tourers who visited to these destinations.Listen India is the hub for Ayurveda and yoga where these medicines increasing the figure of international visitants to India as a medical touristry. Future development of touristry has a batch of range with the present schemes of medical touristry India. Indian finishs are utilizing wide scope of cyberspace services to advance their finish besides internet educate, gives the accurate inside informations and conditions of the finishs to the international tourers. Indian touristry ministry is more endeavoring to utilize new engineerings to make the tourers easy therefore new development can be seen in close hereafter with the aid of new engineerings utilizing by Indian touristry. Many new finishs are increasing and postal services utilizing unbelievable India for their freshly produced casts and many new schemes are working to convey the Indian finishs are best in the close hereafter. The touristry in India should follow some selling policies such as touristry selling to be done in local and internationally in the signifier of hostility.the hostility of touristry combined the tourers from all over the universe which gives the clear thought about touristry demand in India, planning and diversifying elements, fight, kineticss and ultimate rules of touristry activities and besides increase the scope and pride to the specific finish selling in India. Decision: In decision, India is the largest state and where it is rich in heritage and civilization is rich for its democracy, secularism, people, political relations, touristry and state s wealth and economic system. Micro and macro environments are 2 of import factors for any state s development in footings of economic system. Macro environment is the chief factor where India is influenced by it, as macro environments is influenced by telecasting, advertisement, mass media, postal service and wireless in small town countries. 4P s ( monetary value, publicity, topographic point and merchandise ) are the indispensable factors for the touristry selling and helps in work outing debatable issues to tourers and their finish. Making the finish s information available and making involvement towards to visitants to see the finish were done by the tool called as touristry selling communications. Tourism selling communications are used by assorted types in advancing finish through gross revenues publicity, advertisement, direct selling, public dealingss and personal merchandising. In marketing communicating there are besides other tools are used to advance finish such as packaging, sponsorship, licensing and fortes are included as a portion of communicating tool. Through selling communicating the finishs are favorable and profitable by increasing the degree of involvement among the visitants to see the finish. The authorities and local community of the finish are required to analyze the strengths and failing of the touristry selling communicating tools to accomplish the ends and aim of communicating mix. To heighten and better the touristry sector, the authorities of India is responsible to make farther research on touristry selling communicating tools as a farther scheme to pull the visitants to finish. The Indian authorities confronting some challenges to advance touristry market by utilizing communicating tools, it is possible to get the better of all the challenges comfortably

Postponing Pregnancy Essay Example

Postponing Pregnancy Essay Example Postponing Pregnancy Essay Postponing Pregnancy Essay What are some of the drawbacks of postponing pregnancy? What are some of the benefits? Identify at least three of each and explain. There are many disadvantages and advantages of waiting to have children. Many couples take the time to complete their education and establish a secure career path. Working for several years may generate financial security that Is needed when providing for a family. With age, hopefully, comes wisdom and maturity that can be beneficial In raising children. Many older couples postpone families to travel and experience risks and opportunities they may otherwise not have when having to raise a family. By waiting It gives you and your spouse time to build a strong foundation for your children. The disadvantages of waiting Is (l use me as an example) you might have waited to long. Right now, I was Just released from the hospital on Sunday I am 35 and I was Just diagnosed with CHEF (congested heart failure) and was told that my lungs are very weak. Had 1 miscarriage at the age of 28 my body couldnt hold the baby and was recently told that I will never be able to give birth to a child because my heart can not bear it I would probably have a heart attack while giving birth because of the stress your heart is under. Now I wish I wouldnt have waited because I have always wanted children. There are many drawbacks of postponing pregnancy for women and men. While not everyone will experience these drawbacks, many do. There are many physiological risks in delayed pregnancy. The peak opportunity for women to normally get pregnant is in their early to mid twenties. The older a women is, the chance of fertilization decreases. A males sperm is affected by age, as well, increasing the risk of unsuccessful fertilization, Also, the quality of a womans egg decrease as she gets older and the risk of birth defects in delayed pregnancy increases. An older pregnant woman is at a higher risk of miscarriage, octopi pregnancy, fetal death, and health risks of her own such as diabetes and hypertension. Emotionally, an older mother and/or father may not have the stamina, energy, or patience needed in the demands of raising a child. The older you are, the greater risk that you will not live to see the child Into advanced or even early adulthood. Another drawback is the reduced number of children a couple will have the older they are before they start a family. This has an impact in society as a reduction In family size means less people In the true for the workforce. SOC-220, Lecture 7) There can be many benefits, as well, In delaying creating a family. Many couples take the time to complete their education and establish a secure career path. Working for several years may generate financial security that Is needed when providing for a family. With age, hopefully, comes wisdom and maturity that can be beneficial In Ralston children. Many older couples postpone families to travel and experience risks and opportunities they may otherwise not have when having to raise a family. Personally, I chose to get my doctor f chiropractic degree before getting married and having a family. This decision worked for me. However, I feel that a couple needs to weigh the pros and cons together an decide what is the best for them when starting a family. Pregnancy include thought-through pregnancies where mothers are in stable relationships, another is that its more health conscious, plan to contribute positively to society through example and the birth of their child,inspiration for research and new treatments,contribution to education and social capital and example of respect for diversity and differences these would be considered. Is said that Higher amounts of educated women over age 35 giving birth means that they are making a positive contribution to society and the economy on a number of levels through their delayed pregnancy and the birth of their child education, innovation, health, financial, and as social or human capital. Now for the disadvantages which are: unexpected pregnancy for example, an older woman may also fall pregnant unexpectedly similar to younger women, or when in menopause which is usually considered an unlikely time to conceive. There disadvantages such as older health sues, lost independence and community-support are also on the list of the cons(Medici,2014). Anythings? Q 7-2 What are some of the challenges facing a blended family? Some of the challenges facing a blended family are that it happens to be a very critical situation to deal with. They, the family, have to all learn to get a long with each other and except everyone for whom they are. The most serious thing to worry about is that the stepparents could abuse their stepchildren, especially sexually. The children have to learn how to like and accept their stepparents as another parent of heir very own. They must learn how to respect them. The kids will have to take awhile to get use to their other stepbrothers and stepsisters ways. The children will have a hard time calling their step mom, mom, and their stepfather, dad. It will be a very awkward situation since they already have a real mom and dad. Their stepparents can never replace their real parents, and they, the stepchildren, have to get the full understanding of that idea at least some point of time with their new family arrangements. There are many challenges that face blended families. I come from a difficult past in hat both my parents were married and divorced and I was a bastard child. My mom got married and I was then adopted by my step dad. My biological father married multiple times adding brothers and sisters of mine with each spouse. What can easily be noted by this is that blended family life is complex to say the least. It takes a lot of patience, love, and kindness to make it through some tough situations. In the past 10 years, however, my entire family has come to know the Lord and many relationships have been healed. A blended family is not a recipe for disaster, but I do live it takes more work and more patience then a family that is formed and maintained in the way in which Christ intended. Those who are not blended correctly, challenges may arise. Some challenges that blended families go through are children accepting the new parent, the new parent displaying favoritism over their biological children versus the step-children; and one of the biggest issues Ive seen is when the biological parent thats on the outside and the step-parent have conflict. Many times families are faces with such issues and do not know how to handle things properly. I believe that it takes very mature adults to make a blended family successful. The two biological parents should have a discussion with each other first to figure out a plan of action to make blending go smoothly. After they agree on how, they should approach the child first with the new scenario. All step-parents and biological parents should be included in decision making in regard to the children. Although they are not biological, the children will still be being raised under the step-parents care, therefore that person should be on the same page of parenting as the biological parents.

Administration of Contracts in Business Law

Two parties may decide to form an agreement in concern for their business. And for that reason, each of them will leave saying that they have a deal. However, the law differentiates between enforceable agreements from mere promises. When parties present themselves to the court alleging that one of them refused to perform according to their agreements, the court looks at their promises and check whether all the elements of agreement exist. If they exist, then the court will enforce such agreement.   Keywords:   Enforceability, Offer, Acceptance, Consideration Contract law supervises people in the administration of their promises. It is necessary to recognize that not all agreements that people form are enforceable in the eyes of the law. For a court to enforce a deal, it must look for the presence the elements of an agreement. If all of them exist, then the court will proceed to force the parties to perform their obligations. As an illustration, this paper will analyze a case between Peter and Brett (Nephew) and decide whether there is an enforceable agreements of not. The explanation whether the uncle/nephew relationship has any effect on whether or not there is a binding agreement is a matter of presumption applied to cases of social and domestic agreements. When looking at these agreements, their enforceability dwells on their subject matter as opposed to the parties’ relationship. In most cases, agreements originating from a business setting have a presumption that the parties intended to create a legal relationship (Koffman, & Atkins, 2014). The rule doesn’t even apply to domestic relationship, but also to any commercial context where free gifts are offered as in (Esso Petroleum Ltd v Commissioners of Customs and Excise, 1976) Concerning family cases, a good example of the application of a binding agreement between relatives is in (Parker v Clarke, 1960). This case involved elderly relatives convincing a young couple to dispose their house and relocate with them. The elderly relatives promised them that they would give the young couple a share in their house in return. However, their relationship fell out, and the elderly couple dismissed the young couple. When the matter went to the court, the court rebutted the presumption given to the domestic agreements and held that the agreement was enforceable. Similarly, in the case of (Merritt v Merritt, 1970) the court rebutted the presumption both the husband and wife in had no intention to form a legal relationship in their agreement. So like this case, Brett should not assume that the court will be blinded by the fact that he was contracting with his uncle. The court will look at the subject matter of the agreement which is the ‘sale of a car.' The law of contract dismisses any thought that the acceptance can occur by the silence from the offeree. On the other side, it also explains to what extent a silence can indicate a sign of acceptance. However, it's not a silence as such. It's a situation where the offeree's conduct demonstrates an acceptance of an offer. For instance, in (Brogden v. Metropolitan Railway Co, 1877), the court held that the plaintiff accepted the offer the moment he made the amendments and sent the draft to the defendant. Also, the court traced a sign of acceptance by indicating that the actions of the parties demonstrated acceptance. That is, the plaintiff sent the coal after the agreement, and the defendant accepted the coal.   Additionally, in (RTS Flexible Systems Ltd v Molkerei Alois Muller GmbH & Co KG, 2010), the Supreme Court ruled that as far as the parties had carried out their obligations, it meant that they had accepted the terms of their agreement even though they had not signed it. The court went on clarifying that the parties’ conduct had shown that they had performed as if the contract draft applied, and they treated it as if it was already a contract. The same principles were applied to (Limited v Amphenol Limited, 2009) Tekdata bought some from Amphenol and indicated that it would be its and condition that would guide their contract. On the other side, Amphenol disputed those sentiments and said that Amphenol's terms and conditions would administer the agreement. Nevertheless, the parties continued with their normal trade until when the dispute emerged. In solving the dispute, the court of appeal held that Amphenol was the last to issue its terms, so its declarations would apply. These kind of judgments are more popular in cases where one party commences work before they agree to the terms of the contract. So like the mentioned cases, Peter’s terms would prevail. Consideration is a fundamental constituent of any enforceable contract. In English law, any contract without a consideration is   treated as voidable. In other words, if one party promises another something without getting something in return, the law cannot enforce such a promise.   A valuable explanation to consideration is in (Currie v Misa, 1875). The judge said consideration is, "some right, interest, profit, or benefit accruing to the one party, or some forbearance, detriment, loss, or responsibility, given, suffered or undertaken by the other" Also, the House of Lords described consideration as the "price that one to a contract pays for the promise or the performance of the other party," (Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge & Co Ltd, 1915). Like offer, and acceptance, even consideration has some rules that attached to its validity. In (Turner, 2013), the book summarizes the rules of consideration into three principles; these are that "the consideration must be sufficient but need not be adequate. The second rule is that past consideration would not be a useful consideration, and the third one is that consideration must come from the promise." In the concerned question, this paper will concentrate with the first principle. By stating that consideration must be sufficient but that it need not be adequate, this means that it requires that there should be an exchange of something of value but not something equivalent to whatever you received. In other words, there should be an existence of a bargain, though it doesn't have to be a good one. The same explanation was given in (Korunich v Holliday, 2013) where the court stated that a "good consideration does not need to have a value comparable to the promise." So considering t he explanations above, $500 is a valid ‘consideration’ for a contract to sell the diesel motor car if the parties accept it. If Brett tells Peter that he would challenge the validity of the contract due the fact that he entered into the contract thinking he was buying a diesel car, but Peter gave him a diesel car, then it would be a question of unilateral mistake. In (Emanuel, 2010), Emanuel explain that â€Å"a unilateral mistake happens where one party to a contract is mistaken but and the other party is aware of the mistake.† This mistake may happen to the concern of a fundamental term, or it can be the identification of one of the contracting parties. Notably, if a unilateral mistake happens due an error in the quality, such error would not invalidate the contract. For instance, in (Smith v Hughes, 1871) the court held that the contract was enforceable even though the plaintiff had made a mistake to the oats. On the other hand, if the mistake touches the requisite part of the contract, i.e a fundamental term of a contract, and the other party knows the mistake, this can render the contract voidable. For example, in (Hartog v Colin & Shields, 1939) the judge ruled that the plaintiff was aware of the clerical mistake with the offer. As a result, the court dismissed the claim as it could not let the plaintiff benefit from of such a fundamental error. To clarify, the court ruled on behalf of the defendant stating that the plaintiff was supposed to consider that the defendant's intention wasn't to sell at such a low price. As for the case of Peter and Bett, the contract can be voidable due to a fundamental mistake. The procedure for contract arrangement starts with one party presenting an offer, and the other one accepting. The acceptance can be in writing, oral or in conduct. Apart from offer and acceptance, a valid agreement must have consideration. There is no rule to what consideration should be. For example, $1 for a car would be an adequate consideration. Koffman, L., & Atkins, R. (2014). Koffman & Macdonald's law of contract (8th ed., p. 79). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Miller, R. (2012). Fundamentals of business law (3rd ed., p. 154). Mason, Oh: South-Weston. Turner, C. (2013). Key facts and key cases (1st ed., p. 31). Routledge. Emanuel, S. (2010). Contracts (9th ed., p. 164). New York: Aspen Publishers. Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge & Co Ltd (1915) Esso Petroleum Ltd v Commissioners of Customs and Excise (House of Lords 1976). RTS Flexible Systems Ltd v Molkerei Alois Mà ¼ller GmbH & Co KG (2010) Tekdata Interconnections Limited v Amphenol Limited (2009)

Colony Collapse Disorder Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Colony Collapse Disorder - Case Study Example Some of the European countries have observed this phenomenon in alarming numbers whereas some have observed this phenomenon in fewer quantities. Colony collapse disorder is a serious economic concern to the countries particularly to the agricultural countries because bees play a major role in the pollination of pollen grains of the various plants and crops. Bees play a major role in the reproduction of many plants and crops in the forests and due to colony collapse disorder this phenomenon of reproduction has been badly affected. Researchers and scientists are really worried over this rapidly increasing phenomenon of vanishing bees and many researches have been conducted in order to find the real cause behind this phenomenon, but the research teams have not been able to find any major reason for this. Many possibilities have been presented and tested for verification but only a few of the theories related to the cause of CDD have been verified. Though persistent researches many reaso ns have been discovered which are leading to the colony collapse disorder. ... The various reasons that have been found out as the cause of colony collapse disorder are malnutrition, pathogens like Varroa, Nosema, viral and fungal infections combined, pesticides, insecticides, antibiotics, miticides, neonicotinoids, genetically varied crops, variations in migration of the bees, electromagnetic radiations from the cell phones, parasites, pests,, harmful chemicals, destructions of habitats, lack of genetic biodiversity, toxins and poisonous gases in the air, the way the bees are kept, pathogens, extreme climatic conditions, mites, diseases related to honey bees, etc. (Ellis, University of Florida & Florida Cooperative Extension Service, 2007). It is of great concern for the scientists that the insecticides and pesticides used for the protection of the plants and crops from parasites and pests are having a very bad and adverse effect on the environment and the useful insects and living organisms. It has been observed that although these insecticides and pesticides do not kill the organism rather these chemicals impair the abilities and senses of the organisms and eventually the organism will behave absurdly and this will affect the entire eco system. One such pesticide is the neonicotinoids, which belongs to the class of neuro-active insecticides. These insecticides contain the chemical imidacloprid and other such chemicals. These chemical affect the nervous system of the insects, it is found out that these chemicals affect the brain and neurons of the honey bee and disables the sense of directions in the honey bee as a result of which they are unable to reach back to their homes. A research was carried out by scientists in which around twenty hives were considered and each hive was given high fructose corn syrup in different quantities in order to

Analyze the implications of the 1st and 2nd Amendments to the U.S Essay

Analyze the implications of the 1st and 2nd Amendments to the U.S. Constitution - Essay Example The Bill of Rights is arguably the most crucial portion of the Constitution because it ensures that our system of majority rule will not degenerate into a system of mob rule. It is designed to protect the rights of the minority from an unfettered majority that might otherwise trample those rights. The protection of minority rights that is enshrined within the Bill of Rights facilitates an open political system in which dissent is tolerated under the law and informs the political process. In essence, protection of minority rights such as freedom to criticize the government and freedom of the press to openly report on government activities is the reason why the United States is able to have a legitimate political system marked by free and fair elections. If minority rights were squashed, it would lead to a governmental system more akin to communism, in which the majority party becomes the only legal party because they essentially outlaw the opposition. The First and Second Amendments t o the Constitution are critically important components of the scheme to protect minority rights in America. The First Amendment to the ... It is no accident that these three basic freedoms are outlined within the first of ten Amendments. It is likely that the Framers of the Constitution considered these to be the most important of all the rights that need to be protected from the will of the majority, in order to establish a truly open and free democratic republic. Among the many current issues that have arisen out of the First Amendment is the question of the extent to which the press has the right to protect its sources. The jailing us New York Times reporter Judith Miller for failing to reveal her source in the matter of the leak of the identity of CIA operative Valerie Plame raises the specter of the government's ability to chill press freedom to investigate and report on sensitive government matters. Ultimately, it was found that the interest of the state in prosecuting criminals and providing for national security trumps the right of reporters to refuse to disclose their sources. The implications of this finding are grave; and it remains to be seen whether investigative reporting in America will be severely weakened in the future as potential sources of information refuse to come forward for fear that the government might force disclosure of their identities. That result could end up depriving the public of important information they need to develop informed opinions about public matters. Another First Amendment issue that continues to be relevant is the doctrine of Separation of Church and State. The First Amendment guarantees that "Congress shall make no law respecting the Establishment of a religion," nor shall the government be allowed to prohibit free exercise of religion. In essence, the First Amendment guarantees that the government, in all its

Knossos Palace And Mycenaean Citadel Essay Example for Free

Knossos Palace And Mycenaean Citadel Essay Knossos palace has a complex but interesting layout. Its confusing mazelike structure was built intended to elaborate both its religious and magical significance during the ancient Roman period. There were more than 1000 compartments scattered in the whole palace and each of which were designated for certain functional purposes. All those rooms of varying sizes are directly connected to the main hallways. In the palace, there were one big theatre; several store rooms containing containers of grains, beans, dried fish and other basic necessities. Also the water system inside the palace is well-planned to adequately supply water in the whole five-story palace as well as its drainage. During the time, Knossos Palace was a one of a kind architectural design, which drew much attention from the dwellers. Mycenaean Citadel on the other hand is the evidence of a stronghold civilization because of its high walled structure made from huge stones. These massive walls were designed for defensive purposes against any foreign invasion. The road leading to the gate of Mycenae meets the two sculpted lion figures above the entrance of the wall. It is called the Lion Gate. This was thought to be the symbol of the ruling family of Mycenae. There were several stages in the construction of the wall, initially front the palace area, extending to the gate then to the burial area or the grave circle. Within the walls there were busy roads, residential houses and other buildings, however there water stairways from the spring were well-preserved over time to provide enough water supply for the Mycenaean people. There were also other houses outside the walls. In addition, there were beehive-shaped coffins scattered in the area. Works Cited MacKendrick, Paul, et. al. The Greek Stones Speak. New York: W. W. Norton Company, Incorporated. 1983.a

The Massia Cultural Breakdown Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Maasai Cultural Breakdown Paper â€Å"Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a disgrace to any people† Proverbs 14:34. This is a quote from a web site (http://www.peopleteams.org/maasai/culture.htm), that defines parallels to the culture of the Maasai. The Maasai Culture is from Southern Kenya. The culture is very family based, with many families being quite large. The Maasai own a total land area of 160,000 kilometers ( http://maasai-infoline.org/TheMaasaipeople.html ). Some of the physical characteristics include, but are not limited to, tall height, long pierced earlobes, and thin bodies. The Maasai have a saying for how they believe â€Å"it takes one day to destroy a house but to build a new one will take months, perhaps years. If we destroy our way of life to construct a new one, it will take thousands of years† (http://maasai-infoline.org/Maasaiceremonies.html). The Maasai culture has been around since the latter part of the first millennium (http://www.environmentalaction.net/kenya/kenya_policy_failure.html). They generally stay in the same area, unless they need to hunt the lion. Only when they are forced out by Westeners or animals will they abondon their homeplace. WORLD VIEW When looking at the World View it is important to remember it is timeless and must represent a fundamental set of assumptions, thoughts and options; how they see the Universe. The World View categories are: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Supreme being: Above all, beyond all, Culture. One and only one. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Super natural forces: exist on spiritual plan 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human beings: leader of the tribe 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nature: storms, grass, moon, and stars 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Animals: Lions, cattle, 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Inanimate: nonliving objects, a special rock. Now we will look at how the Maasai rank and define these categories based on Richard Porter’s research of their World Veiw (Samovar, Porter 2000, p. 90-98). 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nature: 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Supreme Being: 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human beings: 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Animals: 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Inanimate: 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Super natural forces: NATURE: The Maasai tribe live in the out-of-doors, literally- so the climate is extremely important. D... ...is tribe for they have survived for over 100 years with only oral traditions, which demonstrate the strength and commitment to their culture. Bibliography Cheeseman, T (2002). Conservation and the Maasia in Kenya. Tradeoff or Lost Mutualism? Retrieved on April 20th, 2002, from the World Wide Web: (http://www.environmentalaction.net/kenya/kenya_policy_failure.html Hamisi, K (2002). Maasai Rituals and Ceremonies. Retrieved on April 22nd, 2002, from the World Wide Web: http://maasai-infoline.org/Maasaiceremonies.html Hamisi, K (2002). The Practice of Lion Hunting. Retrieved on April 23rd, 2002, from the World Wide Web: http://maasai-infoline.org/lion.html. Martin M (2002). Society-MASAI. Retrieved on April 24th, 2002, from the World Wide Web: http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7860 Samovar, L. R., Porter, (2000). Intercultural Communication A Reader, (9th ed.). Wadsworth Publishing Company Unknown Author, (2002). Maasai Culture. Retrieved on April 24th, 2002, from the World Wide Web: http://www.peopleteams.org/maasai/culture.htm Youngman, J. (2002). The Maasai. Retrieved on April 25th, 2002, from the World Wide Web: (http://www.masai-mara.com/mmmaa.htm

Immigration history Essay

It was in the early 19th century when immigration of Chinese started in US and the history witnesses both hardship and success for them. In the early years Chinese could get employment as laborers for construction of railroads and in mining industry. But these immigrants had to face the racial discrimination by the local people always. There had been lot of changes in the law of Chinese immigration and there were times when mixed marriages were also banned. There were all kinds of people in society but most of them were against these immigrants as they thought they have come to snatch their job pportunities. Those who were in need of cheap labor favored these immigrants and it was again in 1940s that Chinese immigrants started to come to US. Now the situation is that they are almost 1% of the total population although majority lives the life of middle class there. Most of the Americans treated Chinese as aliens and this discrimination made Chinese live with a distance from them They wore their traditional dress along with the little round hats. Usually these immigrants were poor farmers and in order to work and make money they left their wives and children in China and came to US. They even borrowed money from relatives or moneylenders to pay for the voyage to US. Some of the agencies that needed labors paid for their voyage and that was deducted from their wages later. In this way these immigrants reached US only for the need of a job to fulfill the requirements of their family members. As these were from rural China they faced many kinds of difficulties like language problem, as they didn’t even understand English along with the racial discrimination. The trade relationship of China with New York in the beginning of the nineteenth century rought many Chinese traders in US. The discovery of gold in California caught the main attraction and Wei Long, a small farmer set on a voyage to US. The first thing that came into Wei’s mind was to collect money for his voyage and for this he tried his relatives. Most of them had their own family problems or were already in debt. Lastly Wei had to go to a moneylender and borrow money for his voyage with a promise to repay him as soon as he gets a job. He left his wife with a small child in the village and went to California on the ship that sailed with many more Chinese men. Wei had a dream of aving his own gold mines and become rich as soon as he can. He dreamt of returning back to China with lots of money and solving all the problems in his family. When he reached California, he had to find any kind of work so that to support his living and also thought of saving some for his dream. After peripatetic search for job he got one in Central Pacific Railroad Company. Since the Union Pacific Railroad Company, the chief rival of Central Pacific, was heading fast and prospering, the Central Pacific started hiring Chinese laborers and this is how Wei got a job to carry on. He along with other Chinese laborers were paid quite less than the white laborers but no one had another choice than to accept the most difficult jobs that were offered to them. Wei was quite scared when he first saw the job but with the power of his dream collected and started working. He had to stand in wicker baskets that were lowered with the help of ropes and he had to drill holes in the granite rocks. Then put dynamite in the hole lit the fuse and immediately after this he was lifted up. So many times he thought if there was a few econds of mishandling or late in pulling him up he would have been blown into pieces with the rocks. He had seen many of his fellow workers who either died or lived handicapped. Days and months passed and Wei got employment because Chinese immigrants used to work hard in quite less money and they moved faster than the expectations of their employers. Wei was able to save some money and tried business many times but due to racial discrimination he lost all his money. After trying and loosing his money he thought of just saving some money and go back to his hometown. But this was a difficult task as he immigrants had to face a lot of difficulty to get legal permission for returning back home. However he had started living in Chinatown and was feeling a little bit comfortable with the feeling that he was with his countrymen. It was more than five years and he desperately wanted to go back to his family and his home in Guangdong. He could not buy a house apart from Chinatowns. It was not because there was any kind of law against it but the social discrimination never let him do so. He somehow managed to return back home but he had to sign on papers that he would come back and work for the man who helped him in returning.

The Insider Essay

The Insider Ethics in the Capital Society Jeong Pyo Son 09/17/2012 Business Ethics Johns Hopkins University The Insider: Essay The Insider is a great example of the whistle blowing problem and way for us to discuss right – versus – right ethics. I would like to analyze the essay focusing on the two main characters and how they made their decisions when they are standing at their turning points. The main two characters are Jeffrey Wigand who is the whistle blower of Brown Williamson Corporation, and Rowell Bergman, who is a TV producer of the show 60 Minutes, who sets up an interview with Wigand, in the film.In the movie, I think both characters are facing defining moments. For Jeffrey, one right is consistent with his role as an honorable scientist who knows the misconduct his company is involved with; and the other is in his role as an executive member in his company who is obliged to keep confidentiality. His actions could impact a large number of stakeholders. Blowin g the whistle could have a serious impact on the company’s brand image. It would also affect competing companies since the problem involves the entire tobacco industry.Bergman is also frustrated because he is supposed to disclose the interview to the public as a producer but at the same time he is opposed by CBS, for the interview poses a high potential financial risk for the company. If CBS airs the film it could be liable for â€Å"tortuous interference† and be sued by Brown and Williamson. Eventually Wigand and Bergman both decide to become whistle blowers. So what factors would have made them make these decisions? The most difficult factor for Jeffrey making his decision is probably choosing between his personal/professional rights and duties.Personally he has a family to sustain. He has a mortgage to pay-off and has a sick daughter who needs expensive medical treatments. It was affordable for him to solve these problems while he was still working for Brown William son. He knows that by choosing to side with the press, revealing the dirty truth about his firm, his family’s safety would be put at stake. This is one of the major reasons why whistle blowing is particularly difficult for him. If he were alone, he would just have to worry about himself, but in this case he has to take responsible of his family.According to Sissela Bok(1980), although one is expected to show more loyalty to one’s country and for the public rather than other individuals or organizations, people are still afraid of losing their careers and the capability to support households. Emotionally, people want to dissent over wrongdoings, but they cannot do it rationally. It was as difficult for Bergman as Wigand to make his decision, but he only had his career at risk. His personal and professional values are centered on being an honest, straight forward journalist.These values conflict with his duties as an employee working for CBS, which might face a huge law suit if it airs the interview with Wigand that he has arranged. His whistle blowing was easier because he valued his career and his virtuous character more highly than his responsibilities to CBS, and he saw his character being destroyed in front of him by his company. People hold different values and reason about them in different ways. How did Wigand and Bergman think in philosophical terms we have learned in class?From a Utilitarian perspective, Wigand basically made the right choice. In the Utilitarian way of thinking, he needed to make decisions that could maximize the satisfaction, or happiness, or benefits for the largest number of stakeholders. (Hartman & DesJardins, 2011). In that case, his actions could be regarded as a success since he let the public know the truth and the benefit to the public would be greater than that to the company if he were not to disclose the inside information. It is the same for Bergman in making his decision.Insisting on airing the interview mig ht cause trouble for CBS, and certainly would damage the reputation of Brown and Williamson and the tobacco industry but along with Wigand he chose to reveal the truth to the world. Does the deontological way of thinking apply to Wigand’s decision? Deontology is a matter of principle. Legally thinking, Wigand broke the law for not keeping the confidentiality of his company. Even if the information he held was lethal to the public, a law is still a law and it is a principle promised in the society. It is mentioned n the textbook that the Deontological way of thinking creates duties for the person to follow. (Hartman & DesJardins, 2011) But Wigand not only has a duty as an executive who is banned from opening his mouth; he also has a duty as a father and as a scientist. His role in his family as a father is to maintain a secure household. Facing the company would leave his family in danger. Also his duty and principle as a scientist collides with his role as an employee in his company. It was one of the reasons he got fired from his company too.In this Deontological way of thinking, Bergman did not really have to have inner conflicts as Wigand because he did not break any important ethical principles. Although, he would have felt guilty for leaking information to another press, he still maintained his principle as a journalist to publish the facts out in the public. Also he did not have major damages for his family too. His wife is working in the same industry and would have understood him for his decisions. So did Wigand value his personal integrity more than his family and loyalty to his company?Can we say he is a good person and made the right decision? According to Kidder(1995), kind people make tough decisions too. Although their values are clearly defined, it is difficult for people to find the right thing to do. There is a good example introduced in the article of Kidder. A manager is taking charge of a broadcasting filming scene taken at his compa ny parking lot. After the film shooting was over, the film director tried to credit the manager for helping them borrow the location. The manager now is facing a decision making situation whether he should receive credits on behalf of the company or not.Kidder(1995) said, â€Å"For him, it was hardly that simple because of his core values of honesty, integrity, and fairness, and his desire to avoid even the appearance of evil. All in all, he felt that there was some right on both sides, which it was right for him to be compensated. †This explains that even when someone has a strong self integrated value; it is still tough for him or her to make ethical decisions. This also applies to Wigand and Bergman. Joseph Bardaracco(1997) made a term â€Å"Defining Moments† to illustrate the choice of right-versus-right problem. There are 3 characteristics of Defining Moments which are Reveal, Test, and Shape.Bardaracco(1997) said, â€Å"Right-versus-right decision can reveal a m anager’s basic values and, in some cases, those of an organization. At the same time, the decision tests the strength of the commitments that a person or an organization has made. Finally, the decision casts a shadow forward and shapes the character of the person or the organization. † So how did Wigand and Bergman decide their defining moments for the decision? Wigand was a person of honesty; however he was forced to keep the secret from his company. His family wanted to keep the secret and live safely.But after he and his family got threatened by Brown and Williamson, he decides to step out to the public. He thought Bergman and the press were on his side, so he got his courage to take action. This was Wigand’s defining moment and after it was finished, he needed some time to shape himself because his whole family had left him. After the defining moment passed, Wigand became a truthful and honest scientist as he wished to be from the beginning. In case of Bergma n, we could say that he already shaped his character relating this issue since the beginning of the movie. He was a professional journalist with integrated value of honesty.Unlike Wigand, he did not have much inner conflicts about making his decision. He argued with the CBS board members and revealed the interview to other presses and he was not as serious as Wigand making his decision. His priority was airing the interview and he had to make it happen as an honest journalist. In conclusion, I was very interested to discuss about this subject with this movie because I was grown in a family associated with the press. Both of my parents are journalists and I have seen them discuss about this subject once in a while. I thought that I should ask them when their defining moments were next time I meet them.It also made me think when my defining moments were and how they shaped my character. As Pinker(2008) questioned in his article about the Universal Morality, everyone’s moral val ue is different after our stirrings of morality emerge early in childhood. We all make decisions in our own life with our principle and value that has been shaped by defining moments. It is time for me to think what my true values are in my life. References Badaracco, J. (1997) Defining moments, when managers must choose between right and right. (pp. 5-24). Harvard Business Press. Bok, S. (1980). Whistleblowing and professional responsibility.In Donaldson, T. , & Werhane, P. H. (2008). Ethical issues in business, a philosophical approach. (8 ed. , p. 128,131). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Hartman, L. P. , & DesJardins, J. (2011). Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity and social responsibility. (2 ed. , pp. 109-110). New York, NY: McGraw-Hll. Kidder, R. (1995). How good people make tough choices. (1st ed. , pp. 24-25). New York, NY: Fireside. Kidder, R. (1995). How good people make tough choices. (1st ed. , pp. 26). New York, NY: Fireside. Pinker, S. (2008, 01 13). Th e moral instinct. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com

How to Interject Using Bueno in Spanish

How to Interject Using Bueno in Spanish Bueno is one of the first adjectives that many people learn when studying Spanish. It can refer to almost anything that can be described as good, sometimes having specific meanings such as personable, kind and suitable. The word  bueno can function as an exclamation of emotion, too.   Bueno Used as an Interjection Although mostly used as a descriptor, bueno can also be used as an interjection, like an exclamatory emotional expression, often in the way, the words such as good, well and OK can be used in English. In some areas, native speakers use it frequently as an interjection, while in other regions bueno is used mostly as an adjective. Interjection Indicating Agreement   Bueno can be used as an interjection meaning, OK, sure or fine, as in agreeing with someone or something. Spanish Sentence English Translation Quisieras una taza de caf? [Response] Bueno. Would you like a cup of coffee? [Response] OK. Vamos a estudiar en la biblioteca. [Response] Bueno. Were going to study in the library. [Response] Sure. Creo que sera mejor ir al restaurante francs. [Response] Bueno, vayamos. I think itd be better to go to the French restaurant. [Response] Ok, fine, lets go. Interjection Indicating Sufficiency Bueno can be used as an interjection meaning thats good, or thats enough.   For example, if someone is pouring you a drink, you could say bueno  to indicate that you have received enough. Another interjection used to indicate thats enough, is basta ya. Bueno Used as a Filler Word Bueno can sometimes be inserted in speech to somewhat downplay the importance of what has been said or what will be said. When bueno  is used in this way, it can function like a   filler word.  The translation can vary considerably depending on context.   Spanish Sentence English Translation Bueno, lo que pas, pas. OK then, what happened, happened. Bueno, de todas formas ver qu pasa unas cuantas veces ms. Well, in any case Ill see what happens a few more times. Bueno, puede que s o puede que no. Yeah, maybe or maybe not. Bueno, pues, mira. Well, then, look. Greeting Answering a Telephone Bueno can be used as a greeting to answer the telephone, mostly in Mexico.   Other greetings are common in other countries like    ¿alà ³?,  diga,  dà ­game, and  sà ­.

Issues of politics and administration dichotomy Assignment

Issues of politics and administration dichotomy - Assignment Example In our study of public administration, politics and government are to different terms but are interrelated. As a matter of fact, they are interwoven and knotted to each other in a manner that one becomes almost meaningless without the other. We cannot talk about politics without mentioning administration and we cannot talk about administration without mentioning politics. To understand politics is the key in understanding public administration. As politics is the formulation of public policy, administration on the other hand is carrying out such policy. So as for me, to deal with these two separately will be impractical and not workable. Politics can stand for the public interest as it is about the activities of an interest group which can penetrate the whole fabric of government. In this sense, government becomes the organization, machinery or agency through which a political unit exercises authority and performs functions. In my observation, public administration works in a highly political environment. This is because under the bureaucratic structure of the government, the administrator cannot achieve the objectives of his organization without any political intervention. For example, appropriation in carrying out the goals of any government institution must be authorized by the legislature. In this case, the administrator should strive to win the support and approval of the legislature for the program of his administration. The use of the politics – administration dichotomy as a way to advance in the study of public administration can be advantageous and disadvantageous at the same time. It is an advantage for us to separate politics from administration to maintain the trust of the public. This is done by suppressing the prevalence of influence of any political group in government administration. This way, the interest of the people is guarded against the interest of the political group. For example, in the process of

Oracy in Teaching Maths and Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Oracy in Teaching Maths and Science - Essay Example The teachers use different strategies to provide opportunities to allow different types of discussions. Spoken language skills need to be developed in all subject areas, as different curriculum areas require different speaking and listening skills. There are different aspects that need to be observed relating to the different processes involved in talking, thinking and interthinking. For example, in assessing a child's ability to analyse a problem, his or her skills at speculating, questioning and hypothesising have to be observed. In assessing a child's ability to communicate, his or her skills at describing, explaining and clarifying have to be observed. This requires that the teacher observe a set of pupils of just two or three per session so that an appropriate observation of skills and a proper planning of talk experiences can be made. It is useful to involve pupils in the planning process so that they can participate in discussions as to what skills are needed in different area s such as math problem-solving, science experiments, etc., and the different kinds of talk, the outcomes and the resources available. Children should be made to work in different groups, playing diverse roles, so that stereotyping can be avoided and their different skills can be observed. Participation in diverse groups helps the children understand the functioning of group dynamics and the benefits of team work. Lalljee cites the example of 6-year-old children working in pairs for producing a free form class poem where the discussions of their ideas inspired them enough to produce an illustrated booklet which was read with enthusiasm by them (Lalljee 1998, p.6). Encouraging students to make suggestions on problems and ideas allow them speaking and listening space within the curriculum. Development of problem-solving skills According to the National Curriculum, teachers are expected to provide pupils opportunities to develop seven common requirements - Curriculum Cymreig, Communication Skills, Mathematical Skills, Information Technology Skills, Problem-solving Skills, Creative Skills, Personal and Social Education - through their study of the National Curriculum subjects (Common requirements n.d.). The Education Act of 2002 stipulates that a balanced and broadly-based curriculum should prepare pupils for the "opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of later life" (Skills framework 2007, p.2). Future Skills Wales 2003 Generic Skills Survey reports that of skills gaps reported by employers, lack of IT skills is the most common problem "followed by communication skillsshowing initiative, problem solving and ability to learn" (cited in Skills framework 2007, p.2). The skills framework developed for oracy moves on a continuum of different levels and stages for developing and presenting information an d ideas. The problem-solving skills in oracy are developed through several key stages. For developing oracy, the first key stage involves using talk to develop thinking by exploring, developing and clarifying ideas, predicting outcomes and discussing possibilities. The second stage involves talking for a range of purposes, including planning, predicting and investigating. The third stage involves t